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The program we are offering is voluntary and is NOT intended to substitute for regular training. It is hoped that the work we provide will inspire thought or training sessions where none may have existed before.

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The Public Safety Diving Association (PSDA) recognizes and approves of the PSDiver continuing education program.  Each month’s Q&A program is equivalent to 1 CEU for renewal.  PSDA & Water Rescue members may submit up to a maximum of 3 CEUs from this source for each year’s renewal.  www.publicsafetydiving.net 

Emergency Response Diving International (ERDI)Recognizes and supports the PSDiver Monthly CE Program. Contact your ERDI Instructor for details. http://tdisdi.com/index.php?site=4

PSDiverMonthly Continuing Education - Issue 49

 

 

PSDiverMonthly Continuing Education - Issue 48

 

1)      Atmospheric pressure measured at surface at sea level is:

a.    14.7 PSI

b.    15.7 PSI

c.     13.7 PSI

d.    12.6 PSI

 

 

2)      For each foot of depth in Salt Water that a diver ascends the pressure increases by?

a.    .446 PSI

b.    .443 PSI

c.     .444 PSI

d.    .445 PSI

 

 

3)      It is more important to know the _________ of a submerged object when lifting the object.

a.    Cubic foot in displacement

b.    Amount of air in the wheels if it is a vehicle

c.     Air spaces

d.    Dead Weight

 

 

4)      Density of air increases with depth.

a.    True

b.    False

 

 

5)      Always use air from a scuba tank to inflate lifting devices.

a.    True

b.    False

  

6)      Mixed gas is safer to use as a lifiting gas over atmospheric air.

a.    True

b.    False

c.     Neither

 

 

7)      Recreational divers should leave the search and recovery of valuable, large or crime related objects to trained professional divers.

a.    True

b.    False

 

 

8)      During a search and recovery dive, water movement

a.    Hinderes the search

b.    Helps the search

c.     May hinder or help, depending upon the situation

 

 

9)      Potential hazards in s&r diving include:

a.    Falling recovered objects

b.    Sharp objects

c.     Boat traffic

d.    Equipment loss

e.    A&B

f.      A&C

g.    A, C, D

h.    A, B, C

 

 

10) Which of the five steps of planning a S&R dive involves determining the objects size and weight?

a.    Defining the object

b.    Collecting and analyzing information

c.     Selecting a buddy

d.    Briefing

 

 

11) A lift bag is mandatory for recovering objects heaver than

a.    5 pounds

b.    10 pounds

c.     20 pounds

d.    40 pounds

 

 

12) Air from a lift bag can be use as breatahing air in aan emergency

a.    True

b.    false

 

 

Essay: Describe why non-flexible devices such as plastic or metal 35/55 gallon drums are not suitable for lifting devices.

 

 

Essay: Describe why it will take more or less air to fill a lift bag above 10000 feet as compared to sea level.

 

 

answers

 

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

A

D

D

A

B

C

A

C

H

B

B

B

 

 

 

PSDiver Monthly Continuing Education Issue 47

 

1)      Skills that increase your self rescue abilities include:

a.    cramp release

b.    establishing buoyancy at the surface

c.     use of independent alternate air supply

d.    procedures for reestablishig your sense of direction

e.    all of the above

 

2)      Divers face two types of stress:

a.    Physical, psychological

b.    Peer, money

c.     Mental, peer

d.    Peer, depth pressure

 

 

3)      Use cold packs to detoxify marine venoms.

a.    True

b.    False

 

 

4)      What is meant by “basic life support”?

a.    The scuba tank and regulator

b.    Rescue breathing and CPR

c.     Use of oxygen

d.    The 911 system

 

5)      Brain Damage is very likely to occur with irreversible damage after ______ minutes with out oxygen.

a.     4 – 6

b.    6-10

c.     10-12

d.    more than 1 hour

 

6)      the household solution that neutralizes jellyfish stings is ____________.

a.    Bleach

b.    Mouthwash

c.     Vinegar

 

7)      The difference between drowning and neardrowning is wether or not the victim can be revived.

a.    True

b.    False

 

8)      One way to solve or prevent equipment problems that applies to all equipment is to:

a.    Only dive with brand new equipment

b.    Have equipment serviced by the factory

c.     Make your own repairs

d.    Inspect it before every dive

 

9)      Search patterns that may be useful for locating a missing diver include:

a.    Expanding squre

b.    U-pattern

c.     Surface led search

d.    Circular search

e.    All of the above

 

10)  Air embolsim symptoms tend to ______ compared to DCS symptoms.

a.    Be subtle

b.    Respond better to recompression

c.     Arise mor immediately

 

11) Rescue breathing cannot be give in water.

a.    True

b.    False

 

12) If a diver is not breathing it is better to call for help before administrating first aid.

a.    True

b.    false

 

 

Essay: Describe your team SOG/SOP for dealing with an injured diver who begin the diver overexerted.  Describe the symptoms to recognize overexertion. Also, what significance does a withdrawn diver present. Divers presenting multiple beginning dive problems are exhibiting what condition.

 

 

Please e-mail your response to me at: wurinc@aol.com for the Essay.  

 

Please send questions for
CE’s to Chuck Elgin for up coming issue CE

(wurinc@aol.com)

 

 

 

answers

 

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

E

A

B

B

B

C

A

D

E

C

B

B

 

 
 
-----------------------------------------------
PSDiver Monthly Continuing Education Issue 46
 
1)  The second stage regulator provides air on demand from the diver                                                       
a. True
b. False
 
2)  The amount of change in either volume or pressure of a given volume of gas is directly proportional to the change in the absolute pressure” is what law?
a.Charles
b.Boyles
c.Fred
d.DaVinci
 
3)  Most boat laws require a ______ per person on board
a. Seat Cushion
b. PFD
c. Whistle
d. Type 4 device
 
4)  If a cubic foot of seawater weighs 64 pounds, then a foot of depth in seawater exerts ______ pounds of pressure per square inch.
a. 144 psi
b. .445 psi
c. 14.7 psi
d. 64 psi
 
5) At a pressure of 15 psia in a mixture of 20% O2 and 80% N2, the O2 exerts how much pressure of the total?
a. 50psia
b. 25psia
c. 3 psia
d. 12 psia
 
6) An object weighs the same in fresh or salt.
a. True
b. False
 
7) Temperature has no effect on air volume.
a. True
b. False
 
8) An object weighing 750 pounds and displaces 10 cubic feet is lying in 50 feet of fresh water. If a bag capacity of 55 gallons is used to life the the object, how many gallon of air is needed.
a. 5
b. 10
c. 15
d. 25
 
9) The Maximum depth for using surface supplied air under the current OHSA guidelines is:
a. 250
b. 200
c. 190
d. 100
 
10) The signs and symptoms of nitrogen narcosis normally begin to occur at approximately what depth?
a. 50 feet
b. 100 feet
c. 150 feet
d. 200 feet
 
11) A basic ICS principle is that the first Incident Commander is responsible until the:
a. Five management functions are activated
b. Next operational period has begun
c. Event or incident has  demobliized
d. Authority is delegated to another person
 
12) Water is able to conduct heat more efficiently than air because it is..
a. Less dense than air
b. More dense than air
c. More fluid than air
d. Less fluid than air
 
13) Which of the following tank markings designates the hydrostatic test date.
a. 3AL
b.
7@89
c. 675418
d. 3000
 
14) To what pressure is a scuba tank filled during a hydrostatic test?
a. 5000 psi
b. 200% of its working pressure
c. 5/3s of its working pressure
d. none of the above
 
15) Intermediate pressure generally falls between
a. 110 psi to125 psi
b. 125 psi to135 psi
c. 155 psi to200 psi
d. 125 psi to155 psi
e. 50 psi to100 psi
 
16) The name of the filter on the first stage is
a. Carbon activated filter
b. Moister reducing filter
c. Sintered Filter
d. It does not have a formal name
 
17) A first stage regulator
a. Reduces high pressure to intermediate pressure
b. Turns the air on and off
c. Has a small tank filter to prevent particles from entering the 
     regulator from the tank
d. A B & C
 
18) PATONS are
a. Elderly boaters
b. Private navigation aids
c. Coast Guard Cans and Spars
d.Pay To Own National Surveys
 
Match the following terms and locations:
19) Head            _____    A) Front
20) Stern            _____    B) Left
21) FreeBoard   _____    C) Gunnall height
22) Bow              _____    D  Right
23) Helm             _____    E) Operating console
24) Port               _____    F) Back
25) Starboard    _____    G) Bathroom
 
Essay:
Describe how your would handle the following call. Cite your SOG/SOP if it exists:
 
A bridge crosses a large creek that feeds a lake. The creek is 35 feet wide and the channel is 40 feet deep. People fish from the bridge and cast nets for bait. This has been going on for 25 years.  A bait caster falls off the bridge and into the water near the middle of the bridge. He does not surface. There is no current in the creek. The visibility is black “0”.
 
This essay is part of a regional study. Your responses will help with the study.
 
Please e-mail your response to: wurinc@aol.com for the Essay.  
 
Issue 46 CE Answers:
 

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

A

B

B

B

C

B

B

C

C

A

D

B

B

C

D

C

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

 

D

B

G

F

C

A

E

B

D

 

 

PSDiver Monthly Issue 45 Continuing Education
REGULATORS

1)    A first stage regulator

a.    Reduces high pressure to intermediate pressure

b.    Turns the air on and off

c.     Has a small tank filter to prevent particles from entering the regulator from the tank

d.    A B & C

 

2)    A balanced stage regulator provides

a.    A constant IP regardless of tank pressure

b.    Balances inhale and exhale efforts

c.     Does not tilt in the water

d.    Is more efficient than an unballanced reg

 

3)    The second stage regulator provides air on demand from the diver

a.    True

b.    False

 

4)    Two types of second stage regulators are balanced and unbalanced

a.    True

b.    False

 

5)    Most free flow errors are related to

    1. High pressure seat leakage
    2. Dirty 2nd stage purge cover
    3. Diver inhaling too hard
    4. Only on regulators that need to be removed form service.
    5. A & B

 

6)    Intgermediate pressure generally falls between

a.    110 psi to125 psi

b.    125 psi to135 psi

c.     155 psi to200 psi

d.    125 psi to155 psi

e.    50 psi to100 psi

 

7)    Regulators can be field repaired if you have the factory service kit     regardless of certification

a.       True

b.      False

 

8)    The most important maintenance procedure you can perform on your regulator is

a.    Fresh water rinse immediately after you last dive

b.    Yearly factory maintenance

c.     Air dry in the sun

d.    Rebuild after each dive

 

9)     Ambient pressure has no effect on regulator operation as the regulator is sealed

a.    True

b.    False

 

10)                 The name of the filter on the first stage is

a)    Carbon activated filter

b)    Moister reducing filter

c)     Sintered Filter

d)    It does not have a formal name

 

Essay:

1)    Decribe how the 2nd stage high pressure spring controls the regulator

2)    Describe the operation of the valve seat on the 1st stage

3)    Describe the main difference between a balanced and unbalanced regulator

4)    Describe the function of “Down Stream Valve”  

 

Issue 45 answers

 

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

D

A

A

A

E

D

B

A

B

C

 

 

PSDiver Monthly Continuing Education

Issue 44 – General Review

 

1)    Water is able to conduct heat more efficiently than air because it is..

a.    Less dense than air

b.    More dense than air

c.     More fluid than air

d.      Less fluid than air

 

2)    Light waves are made of _____, while sound waves are make of ________.

a.    Heat energy/air

b.    Electromagnetic eneregy/pressure

c.     Infrared energy/ultraviolet energy

d.    Kinetic energy/potential energy

 

  3)    All submerged vehicle recovery should be considered a crime scene until determined otherwise.

a.    True

b.    False

 

 4)    Underwater evidence recovery does not need to maintain “chain of custody” as it is considered that no one else will touch the evidence.

a.    True

b.    False

 

 5)    The specific gravity of pure water is:

    1. 0.0
    2. 1.0
    3. it varies according to where on earth it is measured
    4. It cannot be determined except in a vacuum

  6)    The absolute pressure at a depth of 300 feet of seawater is:

a.    118.8 psi

b.    133.4 psi

c.     138.2 psi

d.    The answer cannot be determined

 

  7)    A crime scene sketch should be made of every crime scene because  

a.    It is a good way to practice your artist skills and keep them honed

b.    It provides an aid in presenting testimony in court

c.     It aids in refreshing memory when writing a report

d.    Both b and c

 

 8)    The air a diver breathes from a scuba tank at 165 feet is ___ as dense as the air breathed from the same tank at the surface.

a.    10 times

b.    6 times

c.     5 times

d.    exactly

 

 9)     When a breath holding diver submerges in cold water his heart rate will.

a.    Increase

b.    Decrease

c.     Remain unchanged

d.    fluctuate

 

 10)                 A gas mixture is comprised of 21% oxygen, 78% nitrogen and 1% carbon dioxide. At a depth of 66 feet what is the partial pressure of the nitrogen?

a)    22.93 psi

b)    34.39 psi

c)     78 psi

d)    Tha answer cannot be determined from the data provided.

 

 11)           Carbon monoxide is difficult to detect because it.

a.    Is inert

b.    Has a sedating effect of the diver

c.     Is ordorless and tasteless

d.    All of the above are correct

 

 12)           The reflex respiratory center regulates breathing primarily on the level of ___ in the blood

a.    Oxygen

b.    Nitrogen

c.     Carbon dioxide

d.    All of the above depending on the circumstance

 

 13)           Which of the following tank markings designates the hydrostatic test date.

a.    3AL

b.    7@89

c.     675418

d.    3000

 

 14.           The J valve was designed a a means to:

a.    Increase the reliabilityu of the internal working mechanism

b.    Prevent the tank from rupturing if it is grossly overfilled

c.     Warn the diver he has run low on air

d.    All of the above are correct.

 

 15.           To what pressure is a scuba tank filled during a hydrostatic test?

a.    5000 psi

b.    200% of its working pressure

c.     5/3s of its working pressure

d.    none of the above

 

 16.           A clenched fist brought towards the chest is a signal for:

a.    I am out of air

b.    I am out of air and want to buddy breathe

c.     I am low on air

d.    I am low on air and want to use your alternate air source

 

 17.           When multi level diving always dive to the deepest depth first, then _________.

a.    Ascend to a shallower depth before surfacing

b.    Ascend to a shallower depth and then back to a deeper depth

c.     Dive at sea level followed by a dive above 1000 feet MSL

d.     Dive any depth using a computer

 

 18.           There is no need to dive profile when diving at depths less than 50 feet.

a.    True

b.    False

 

19.           PSD diving is best done using all recreational equipment.

a.    True

b.    False

 

 20.           After initial scuba instruction, it is not necessary to continue formal education as the skills and knowledge will come with experience.

a.    True

b.    False

 

 

Essay:

  1.  Describe the process of “visual Inspection” of a tank
  2. Describe three ways a diver is subject to pressure effects
  3. Justify a once a month training program
  4. Why is it impiortant to replace the burst disk regularily
  5. Describe the purpose of a J valve and how it is designed to work

answers

 

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

B

B

A

B

B

C

D

B

B

B

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

C

C

B

C

C

C

A

B

B

B

 

 

 

                                                                                                     

 

 

PSDiver Monthly Issue 43

Continuing Education
"EVIDENCE"
 

1)    Underwater crime scene investigation should be conducted under the direction of..

 

a.    Dive team

b.    Fire Department

c.     Sheriff Department

d.    Authority having jurisdiction

 

2)    Fingerprints cannot be

 

a.    Determined if the object containing the print has been submerged

b.    Cannot  be used as evidenc due to chemicals in the water

c.     Generally considered non-evidence

d.    None of the above

 

3)    All submerged vehicle recovery should be considered a crime scene until determined otherwise.

 

a.    True               b. False

4)    Underwater evidence recovery does not need to maintain “chain of custody” as it is considered that no one else will touch the evidence.

 


a.    True

b.    False

 

5)    Chain of custody ends with

 

    1. The last documented person possessing the item
    2. The Court recorder
    3. A Law Enforcement Officer
    4. The Judge

 

6)    The best chain of evidence is the one that

 

a.    Is watched most closely

b.    Has the least evidence

c.     Has the most evidence

d.    Is the shortest

 

7)    A crime scene sketch should be made of every crime scene because  

 

a.    It is a good way to practice your artist skills and keep them honed

b.    It provides an aid in presenting testimony in court

c.     It aids in refreshing memory when writing a report

d.    Both b and c

 

8)    The best way to recover a handgun from underwater, is to

 

a.    Bring it up and put it in an air tight container

b.    Leave it inside your suit until you get to the crime lab

c.     Place into an air tight container while underwater and seal it

d.    None of the above

 

9)     Underwater evidence recovery does not require court testimony about the recovery process since the item is the important piece of evidence.

 

a.    True           b. False

 

10) Underwater distance measuring includes all  

     of the following except

a)    Elapsed time      b) Arm spans

c)     Kick cycles         d) The rhythym method

 

 

 

Essay / Discussion:

 

1)    List 5 or more “tools” that could be used during “evidence” search and recovery and describe ways they can be used.

 

2)    Describe the two most common search patterns for evidence and the equipment, manpower and other requirements to perform each search pattern.

 

3)    Explain how using the Incident Command System can benefit a criminal search and recovery operation. Discuss how ICS is used in your own team structure and if it works or does not work. Discuss how ICS within your tam can be improved.

 

4)    Describe items to record at a crime scene underwater as well as on land. Consider including local LE in your discussion and work together to produce a priority list as well as a uniform set of documents that coincide with those LE uses.

 

 

PSDiver Issue 43 Continuing Educatio Answers

 

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

D

D

A

B

A

A

D

C

B

D

 

 
 
 
 

PSDiver Monthly Issue 42

Continuing Educatiion

"Incident Command"

 

1)    A basic ICS principle is that the first Incident Commander is responsible until the:

a.    Five management functions are activated

b.    Next operational period has begun

c.     Event or incident has demobliized

d.    Authority is delegated to another person

 

 

2)    Which general staff position directs tactical operations

a.    Operations

b.    Planning

c.     Logistics

d.    IC

 

 

 

3)    All personnel assigned to an incident must check in verbally.

a.    True

b.    False

 

 

4)    Span of control is acomplished by organizing resources into Teams, Divisions, Groups Branches, Sections

a.    True

b.    False

 

 

5)    Who generally facilitates the operational period briefing 

    1. Public Information Officer
    2. Logistics Chief
    3. Planning Chief
    4. Operations Chief

 

 

6)    Which type of incident is the most complex

a.    Type 4

b.    Type 3

c.     Type 2

d.    Type 1

e.    Type 0

 

 

 

7)    NIMS acronym stands for”    

a.    National Incident Mutual System

b.    National Incident Management Sytem

c.     Neutral Incident Management System

d.    National Information Management System